Many accidents occur every year around the world cause material and human losses. The amounts of insured losses resulting from these incidents make damage inflicted on the insurance company. In some cases, the insurance companies are faced with the threat of bankruptcy. Insurance companies use reinsurance to approach to the crisis traditionally. But it should be noted that the reinsurance companies have limited storage capacity and concentration risk. so, one of the effective tools to solve this problem is a direct relationship between the insurance industry and the capital market as a concept called "risk securitization". This is known as debt securities insurance. However, an additional problem in our country is international sanctions that cause limitation. In this case the cost of such reinsurance increases. Thus, according to studies and evaluated that were collected and analyzed by using the Delphi technique ideas theme "insurance investing investment fund reinsurance in order to increase capacity" was proposed.

The present paper measures the risk perception of the bank employees in respect of investment in mutual fund and to identify the factors affecting risk perception. The paper also attempts to find out the impact of these factors on overall risk perception.The study is based on primary data collected by using questionnaire from the bank employees in Tripura state of India. For the analysis of data, Cronbach’s alpha, factor analysis, binary logistic regression, mean and standard deviation, and etcetera are used. It is found that bank employees’ overall level of risk perception is moderate. There are three factors that affect the overall risk perception namely fear psychosis, lack of knowledge, and lack of confidence and these three factors have impact on the investment decision employees are making with regard to investment in mutual fund. The study is the first of its kind and hence original in nature.

Joint investment funds, as one of the most vital non-banking financial intermediaries, are responsible for capital transfer from resource owners (society members) to consumers (manufacturing and service companies and others). In Iran, for the first time, based on the Securities Market Law, approved in 2005, Joint investment funds were expected, and stock investment funds entered the capital market from the beginning of 2017. The purpose of this research was to investigate the influencing factors on the returns of stock investment funds through the analysis of the history of these funds' performances in Iran's economy. For this purpose, 136 Joint funds active in the capital market were examined. Data analysis has been done with a pooled structure (unbalanced panel) and with a fixed effects regression model using the ordinary least squares (OLS) method. The results of this research confirm the existence of a significant linear relationship between fund returns and variables such as fund life, deviation from the average, ownership of all real investors, and inflation in the previous period, and market index in the previous period. Among these, the life of the fund and inflation has a negative effect on the efficiency of the fund and other variables have a positive effect.

Financing businesses has always been a major concern for entrepreneurs and governments. In the recession, firms cannot usually receive their claims in cash, and the firms’ liquidity problems could lead to the suspension and reduction of employment and economic growth. The main subject of this paper is creating efficient and specialized institutions for receivables discounting in the country. Here, by considering debt discounting, we have designed a specialized entity for receivables discounting i. e. "Discounting investment fund Conforming with Shi'a Jurisprudence". Due to the increasing long-term trades in the recession, the need for discounting different types of receivables and the remarkable volume of discounting in other countries, research is needed to establish such institutions. The method of this research is descriptive/ analytical and data collection is based on library studies and questionnaires. First, by library research, we have studied institutions responsible for collecting the debts and have described the related concepts and then have explained Discounting investment fund. Sharia studies include comparing Imamiah jurisprudents’ views on discounting with entities and relations involved in the fund. To validate the operational model, a questionnaire was designed and experts’ opinions in this regard were collected. As the results show, about 80 percent of the experts agree or strongly agree with the researcher’ s suggestions and solutions.

Emerging equity markets such az Iran generally need an exogenous liquidity supply in order to accelerate their development. Margin trading represents an important vehicle which promotes exogenous supply of market liquidity. Adequately regulated margin trading can increase market efficiency and improve price discovery. Margin purchase facilities require regulators, financial intermediaries, and investors to have heightened risk management skills in addition to robust market infrastructure. Despite their standardized features, the actual design and operation of the market infrastructure necessary for margin trading should be country-or market-specific. the key components of this important market infrastructure must be flexible so that they can change over time. traditional pattern of margin trading is The giving loan to brokerage company by banks and then brokerage take loan to the customers against adequate colateral. This paper uses analytical method and field study through questionnaire from financial and Religious Experts and by using Murabaha and Wakala contracts indeed optimization of present pattern in Iran, presents new patterns Financing by the investment fund and Financing by the spv.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of information delay on the performance of Joint investment funds. In order to achieve the aim of this study sample consisted of twenty funds in the Tehran Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2014 the systematic elimination method has been adopted. In this study, the linear regression test has been used in order to evaluate the research hypothesis. Data analysis and research hypothesis testing has been done using EVIEWS software. Findings of the research prove the effect of information delay on the performance of Joint investment funds.

This research investigates productivity management within the construction company, addressing the critical need for centralized and integrated systems in project-oriented organizations. The study adopted a case study approach, focusing on 15 construction companies within Tadbir Holding, with a statistical population of 80 senior managers and technical experts in Tehran. Data was collected using a questionnaire incorporating the Patterson Job Performance Questionnaire and Porter Organizational Commitment Questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS16 software. The results show that "Organizational Effectiveness" was the highest-ranked basic factor (mean rank 5.505), while "Synergistic Utilization of Internal Resources and Capabilities" was the lowest (mean rank 5.499). Among sub-factors, "Level of implementation and adherence to a common set of values, beliefs, and norms across all construction companies within the organization" was prioritized highest (mean rank 4.92). Statistical analysis using single-sample T-tests (95% probability) supported all hypotheses, indicating that productivity management can advance goals, and construction companies influence other investment and construction holding companies. These findings underscore the importance of fostering a strong organizational culture and ensuring effective support from the holding company to enhance overall productivity within the construction sector. The findings reveal that enhancing synergy among holding subsidiaries, securing financing for construction companies through holding company capital, employing highly adaptable managers, fostering a rich and impactful organizational culture within the complex, and actively implementing these strategies can effectively manage productivity within construction companies. This, in turn, contributes to increased productivity across the entire holding system.

During the past several years experience extraordinary explosion of collective investment organisms or of investment companies (who buys the shares of other companies), led to the agencies responsible for controlling and monitoring these investments are a The series is based on Value at Risk management guidelines apply. But the flexibility that many questions regarding the accurate and appropriate estimation model provokes.The purpose of this article Choose from three parametric method, historical simulation and Monte Carlo Simulation is the best way to predict the possible losses if the investment fund files open Tunisians find. For this purpose, different methods of estimating VaR propose. The descriptive statistical characteristics of 14 cases we analyzed combined investment fund. Then we present the results of experimental studies, so we can take advantage of Monte Carlo simulation method to predict the potential value of the company's chief of investor Tunisian specify.

Using of Corporate Performance Management and supporting the vision by scientific methods are required in order to evolve and develop, improve performance and turn a Cooperative investment Guarantee fund to the strategy-based investment Guarantee fund. This study aims to provide the strategic planning model with the approach of EFQM excellence model to improve the performance of Cooperative investment Guarantee fund. Therefore, the proposed model leads to acquire effectiveness and productivity, and these two factors ultimately lead to increase f efficiency in the Cooperative investment Guarantee fund. According to research subject, this is a qualitative, applied, and descriptive study that the data have been collected by documentary and field. The literature of strategic management, organizational performance evaluation, and EFQM model is expressed. The objectives and characteristics of investment Guarantee fund and the mission of Cooperative investment Guarantee fund have been presented. Finally, strategic planning model of cooperative investment Guarantee fund has been proposed that the set of objectives and evaluation criteria that have acquired the most points have the special effects in the strategic planning model.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: During the last five years, the average rate of return on the assets for Civil Servants Pension fund was only about 15%, and, during that period, about 75% of the financial resources required to fulfill the obligations of the fund were provided by government grants. In this study, for the goal of asset-liability management of the fund, determining the optimal investment portfolio of the fund in major stock market groups has been studied and the proposed solutions for asset management in the form of modifying the fund's investment share in various stock market groups and with the aim of financial stability of the fund have been presented.METHODS: Research is quantitative in terms of the type of data and descriptive and applied in terms of purposes and results.Due to the use of the past performance of the stocks in the fund portfolio and the study of the history of information, it is an event research. Quantitative research data for the period of 79 months (1584 working days) from March 2017 to October 2023 was collected from the data bank of the Iran Financial Information Processing Center of the Tehran Stock Exchange Technology Management Company, and to perform model calculations, the stock exchange assets of the fund were separated into 18 stock groups, including pharmaceuticals, cement, lime, plaster, rubber and plastic, sugar, tile and ceramic, metal ore extraction, petroleum products, leather products, insurance, computer, non-metallic mineral, food except sugar, basic metals, intermediary financial institutions, investments, chemical, transportation, warehousing and communication, multi-disciplinary industries have been carried out. Data collection and data sorting were done using Microsoft Excel software, and objective functions were solved based on Markowitz patterns and value at risk using MATLAB software.FINDINGS: In the current investment portfolio of the fund, the major share (about 95%) of the portfolio is dedicated to only three groups including "multi-industry", "transportation, warehousing and communication" and "chemical" and based on the efficiency frontier curve drawn based on historical data, the fund's current portfolio is not on the mentioned curve, and the need to optimize the current portfolio was determined. The objective functions were solved based on the Markowitz models and value at risk to find the optimal portfolio of the fund, and in three cases of the current investment portfolio, the optimal portfolio of the Markowitz model and the optimal portfolio of the value at risk model, the average daily rate of return is equal to 0.232, 0.235 and 0.230 percent respectively; the risk of the portfolio was 1.62, 1.31 and 1.21 percent respectively; and the return-to-risk ratio was equal to 0.143, 0.1793 and 0.1908 respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that among the three studied investment portfolios, the portfolio from Makowitz's model is the best investment portfolio due to the highest return-to-risk ratio.CONCLUSION: In order to optimize the current investment portfolio of Civil Servants Pension fund while maintaining the absolute amount of investment, the share of investment in the "multi-industry", "transportation, warehousing and communication" groups should be reduced and the share of groups such as "sugar", "cement, lime and plaster", "tiles and ceramics", "pharmaceutical" and "investments" should be increased.